小学英语要掌握的语法知识

  一般现在时
  主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态或不变的真理。
  句末常出现every day/week/year/Monday,in the morning；句中常有always,usually,often,sometimes
  组成1.主语+be+名词（形容词）
  I am a student.
  He is tall.
  否定句：在be后加not
  I am not a student.
  He is not tall.
  疑问句：be动词提前到位。
  Are you a student?
  Yes,I am./No,I am not.
  Is he tall?
  Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.
  组成2.主语+动词+地点+时间
  We go to school on Monday.
  He goes to the park on Sunday.
  否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t’t+动词原形+地点+时间
  We don’t go to school on Monday.
  He doesn’t go to the park on Sunday.
  疑问句：在句首加do或does
  Do you go to school on Monday?
  Yes,we do./No,we don’t.
  Does he go to the park on Sunday?
  Yes,he does./No,he doesn’t.
  动词第三人称单数变化
  1.在原单词末尾加s,如：like–likes
  2.单词以o,sh,ch,s,x结尾加es,如：go–goes
  3.单词末尾为辅音+y结尾去y加ies如：study-studies
  现在进行时
  主要叙述正在发生的事情。
  句末常出现now；句首常出现look,listen。
  组成主语+be+动词ing形式
  I am reading English.
  They are swimming.
  He is playing football.
  否定句：在be后加not
  I am not reading English.
  They are not swimming.
  He is not playing football.
  疑问句：将be放到位。
  Are you reading English?
  Yes,I am./No,I am not.
  Are they swimming?
  Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.
  Is he playing football?
  Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.
  动词变ing形式
  1.在动词末尾加ing.如：play-playing
  2.末尾有e，要去e加ing.如：ride–riding
  3.末尾以辅音元音辅音结尾，双写末尾的辅音字母.如：swim-swimming
  一般过去时
  主要描述过去发生的事情。
  句末常出现last night/week/Monday/year,yesterday,ago
  组成主语+动词过去式
  I was a pilot.
  They were busy.
  He went to the market.
  否定句：在be后加not，在普通动词前加didn’t动词恢复原形。
  I was not a pilot.
  They were not busy.
  He didn’t go to the market.
  疑问句：提前be动词或在句前加did
  Were you a pilot?
  Yes,I was./No,I wasn’t.
  Were they busy?
  Yes,they were./No,they weren’t.
  Did they go to the market?
  Yes,they did./No,they didn’t.
  动词变过去式
  1.在末尾加ed或d如：play-played、like-liked
  2.辅音加y，结尾去y加ied.如：study-studied
  3.辅音元音辅音结尾双写最后一个字母加ed.如：stop-stopped
  一般将来时
  主要描述将来要发生的事情。
  句末常出现next Monday/week/year,tomorrow
  组成1.主语+be going to+动词原形
  I am going to visit Ann.
  They are going to draw a dog.
  She is going to ride a horse.
  否定句：在be后加not
  I am not going to visit Ann.
  They are not going to draw a dog.
  She is going to ride a horse.
  疑问句：将be提前
  Are you going to visit Ann?
  Yes,I am./No,I am not.
  Are they going to draw a dog?
  Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.
  Is she going to ride a horse?
  Yes,she is./No,she isn’t.
  组成2.主语+will+动词原形
  I will go to the library.
  They will clean the house.
  She will eat breakfast at home.
  否定句：在will后加not或将will not写为won’t
  I will not go to the library.
  They will not clean the house.
  She will mot eat breakfast at home.
  疑问句：将will提前
  Will you go to the library?
  Yes,I will./No,I won’t.
  Will they clean the house?
  Yes,they will./No,they won’t.
  Will she eat breakfast at home?
  Yes,she will./No,she won’t.